European Construction
How the tracked legislation reaches the sector — 4 measures name it directly, and 24 more reach it through supply chains, procurement or other acts.
Direction
19 burden · 9 benefit
Status
12 adopted · 8 proposed · 8 mixed
Channel
4 direct · 24 reached
reached via supply chain 6 · procurement 7 · regulatory dependency 11
The platform holds 28 measures for European construction: 19 imposing a burden, 9 conferring a benefit. Of these, 12 from law in force, 8 from proposals, 8 from a file spanning both; 4 arrive directly, 24 through a channel.
Recent changes
What moved in this sector
Named in the text
Measures that address construction directly
MST-02Member States must earmark at least 50% of their ETS auction revenue (excluding indirect-cost compensation) for a defined list of decarbonisation priority purposes (clean energy/grids, industrial decarbonisation, maritime/aviation decarbonisation, modal shift, municipal waste hierarchy measures, circularity, lead markets for low-carbon products, R&D).Member States · GovernmentsRequirementFND-08ETS-sector businesses become eligible recipients of Member-State-channelled ETS auction revenue for decarbonisation investment support across a defined menu of purposes: topping up EU-level support mechanisms, clean energy/grid buildout around industrial clusters, industrial decarbonisation (electrification, CCUS, CO2 transport network), maritime and aviation decarbonisation, modal shift, municipal waste hierarchy measures, circularity, and lead markets for low-carbon products such as green steel.Businesses in ETS sectors (industrial, maritime, aviation) and waste management authorities · BusinessesOpportunityLM-06cHouseholds and companies remain eligible for public construction/renovation and motor-vehicle support schemes provided the project uses the qualifying share of low-carbon/Union-origin steel, concrete/mortar or aluminium.Households and companies applying for building renovation/construction or motor vehicle support schemes · HouseholdsOpportunitySCP-05Prefabricated buildings containing steel or aluminium are named in CBAM scope, carrying the embedded-emissions declaration and surrender duty into construction products.Importers of prefabricated buildings containing steel or aluminium · BusinessesRequirement
Reaches you without naming you
Measures that land through a channel
Procurement 7 · Another act 11 · Supply chain 6
LM-03aApply the Union-origin and low-carbon requirements laid down in Annex II Part I (steel, concrete/mortar, aluminium) and Annex III Part I (electric vehicles) in covered public procurement.Contracting authorities and contracting entities · GovernmentsRequirementLM-03bGuaranteed minimum demand share in EU public procurement: at least 25% of steel volume must be low-carbon, at least 5% of concrete/mortar (incl. clinker/cement) must be low-carbon and EU-origin, and at least 25% of aluminium must be low-carbon and EU-origin.Producers of low-carbon and/or Union-origin steel, concrete/mortar and aluminium · BusinessesOpportunityLM-06aDesign public support schemes so that the Union-origin/low-carbon requirements of Annex II Part II and Annex III Part II apply to at least 45% of the national budget for Annex II Part II-type schemes and 100% of the budget for Annex III Part II-type schemes.Member States, regional/local authorities and bodies governed by public law · GovernmentsRequirementLM-06bCreated demand for low-carbon/EU-origin steel, concrete/mortar and aluminium via publicly-funded renovation, construction and infrastructure support schemes conditioned on using at least 25%/5%/25% qualifying material.Producers of low-carbon and/or Union-origin steel, concrete/mortar and aluminium · BusinessesOpportunityLM-20bCreated demand for EU-origin solar PV inverters and cells via household/company support schemes, since only Union-origin PV components make projects eligible for the scheme or additional financial compensation.EU manufacturers of solar PV inverters and cells · BusinessesOpportunitySCP-04A new 'Combined metal products' category enters CBAM scope, pulling downstream steel- and aluminium-containing manufactured goods into the embedded-emissions declaration and certificate-surrender regime for the first time.Importers and authorised CBAM declarants of downstream steel- and aluminium-containing goods · BusinessesRequirementSCP-06Comply with CBAM for a good whose inclusion in Annex I is causing severe harm to the Union internal market through serious and unforeseen price effects.Importers of goods withdrawn from Annex I under the safeguard · BusinessesSimplificationCALC-03For iron and steel, aluminium and combined metal goods, derive the precursor mass from the content of input goods in the finished product rather than from a directly measured mass.Operators of installations producing iron and steel, aluminium and combined metal goods · BusinessesRequirementCALC-06Bear the mark-up added to default values when declaring downstream goods with complex supply chains.Importers and declarants of listed downstream goods using default values · BusinessesSimplificationCUST-04Apply the material and chemical compositions that the Commission fixes by implementing act for Annex I goods.Importers and authorised CBAM declarants of Annex I goods · BusinessesRequirementGOV-03State the material composition of each downstream good in the verification report.Accredited verifiers preparing CBAM verification reports · BusinessesRequirementCBAMB-SCP-07Declare embedded emissions and surrender certificates for goods added to the existing 'Iron and steel' table -- agglomerated iron ore, stranded wire and cables, unplated welded grill and netting, springs, enamelled and other household articles, and other cast articles of iron or steel.Importers and authorised CBAM declarants of the newly listed iron and steel goods · BusinessesRequirementBEN-01Support net-zero manufacturing projects so that Union manufacturing capacity reaches at least 40% of the Union's annual deployment needs for net-zero technologies by 2030.The Commission and Member States · GovernmentsRequirementPP-01Apply the Commission's minimum mandatory environmental sustainability requirements in every procurement whose subject matter includes solar, wind, battery, heat pump, hydrogen, biogas, CCS, grid, nuclear or sustainable-fuel technology, and in works contracts including it.Contracting authorities and contracting entities · GovernmentsRequirementPP-02Attach to net-zero works contracts at least one of: a social or employment contract-performance clause, a cybersecurity compliance requirement, or a hard on-time delivery obligation backed by a charge.Contracting authorities and contracting entities · GovernmentsRequirementPP-03aWhere the Commission has found a third country supplies more than 50% of a net-zero technology in the Union, hold supply from each such country below 50% of contract value -- for the technology and for its main components -- prove it on request, and pay at least 10% of the contract value if the cap is breached.Tenderers and successful contractors supplying net-zero technologies to public buyers · BusinessesRequirementPP-03bPublic demand is reserved away from a dominant third-country source: once the Commission finds one country above 50% of Union supply, no more than half the contract value of that technology, or of its main components, may come from that country -- the balance falls to Union and diversified producers.Union and diversified non-dominant producers of net-zero technologies and their main components · BusinessesOpportunitySCH-01Design any new or updated scheme that subsidises the purchase of net-zero technology final products so that it favours products with a high sustainability and resilience contribution, either by paying more for them or by making them the eligibility condition.Member States, regional and local authorities and bodies governed by public law running purchase-support schemes · GovernmentsRequirementSCH-02Buyers of net-zero technology final products that score on sustainability and resilience can be paid additional compensation of up to 5% of the product's cost -- up to 15% for households in energy poverty.Households, companies and consumers buying net-zero technology final products under a public support scheme · HouseholdsOpportunityNZIAB-PLAN-01Consider making room for net-zero manufacturing projects, strategic projects and Valleys in zoning, spatial and land use plans -- giving priority to artificial, built, industrial and brownfield surfaces -- and put all relevant spatial planning data online.National, regional and local planning authorities · GovernmentsRequirementNZIAB-PLAN-02Combine the strategic environmental assessment and the habitats assessment where a plan makes room for net-zero projects, covering water bodies and, where relevant, the marine environment, without lengthening the Regulation's time limits.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementRTG-01Ensure at least 40% of transport packaging -- pallets, foldable plastic boxes, trays, crates, IBCs, pails, drums, canisters, pallet wrappings and straps -- is reusable within a re-use system, rising to an endeavour of 70% from 2040.Economic operators using transport packaging in the Union · BusinessesRequirementRTG-02Use only reusable transport packaging within a re-use system for movements between your own sites and those of linked or partner enterprises.Economic operators moving goods between their own or linked sites · BusinessesRequirementRTG-03Use only reusable transport packaging within a re-use system for deliveries to another economic operator inside the same Member State.Economic operators delivering to another operator in the same Member State · BusinessesRequirement
Where the pressure comes from
Pressure arrives from 3 acts directly, 2 more without ever naming it
Pressure arrives at European construction from 3 acts that name it directly, and from 2 more that never do: Net-Zero Industry Act, Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation.
EU ETS revision — names the sector in 2 measures
Industrial Accelerator Act — names the sector in 1 measure, reaches it in 5 more via another act and procurement and supply chain
CBAM extension — names the sector in 1 measure, reaches it in 7 more via another act and supply chain
Net-Zero Industry Act — never names the sector; reaches it in 9 measures via another act and procurement and supply chain
Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation — never names the sector; reaches it in 3 measures via another act
Net position
What the corpus does to this sector, in total
28measures reach this sector · 19 press, 9 relieve or grant
In force Proposed or mixed basis
Supply chain and country exposure
What construction buys, sells and imports
Inputs come from
What this sector buys
- cement, glass & ceramics7.9%
- wholesale trade7.1%
- fabricated metal products6.1%
- architecture & engineering3.5%
- rubber & plastics3.4%
- real estate3%
- legal, accounting & consulting2.8%
- electrical equipment2.6%
- everything else63.6%
Goods go to
Who buys from this sector
- real estate13.3%
- public administration4.2%
- electricity & gas2.4%
- warehousing2.1%
- health1.5%
- wholesale trade1.4%
- education1.3%
- land transport1.2%
- everything else72.5%
This list covers sales to other industries only. A further 63.4% of what this sector sells goes straight to final use — households, government and capital formation — and so appears nowhere above.
Import exposure
6.5% of inputs come from outside the EU
- rest of world26.7%
- China17.3%
- United States15.5%
- United Kingdom9.4%
- Switzerland7.3%
- Türkiye5%
- India3.1%
- Norway2.2%
- everything else13.5%
construction (F). percent of sector's total inputs (suppliers) / total output (customers); OTHER row carries the remainder to 100. Source: Eurostat input-output data, 2026 edition, 2024 reference year (EU inter-country tables, industry by industry).
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