European Automotive
How the tracked legislation reaches the sector — 42 measures name it directly, and 68 more reach it through supply chains, procurement or other acts.
Direction
84 burden · 26 benefit
Status
65 adopted · 38 proposed · 7 mixed
Channel
42 direct · 68 reached
reached via supply chain 15 · procurement 5 · regulatory dependency 48
The platform holds 110 measures for European automotive: 84 imposing a burden, 26 conferring a benefit. Of these, 65 from law in force, 38 from proposals, 7 from a file spanning both; 42 arrive directly, 68 through a channel.
Recent changes
What moved in this sector
Named in the text
Measures that address automotive directly
LM-02Exclude tenders from economic operators owned/controlled by entities in third countries that have no international agreement guaranteeing access, for the lead-market procurement procedures.Contracting authorities and contracting entities · GovernmentsRequirementLM-03aApply the Union-origin and low-carbon requirements laid down in Annex II Part I (steel, concrete/mortar, aluminium) and Annex III Part I (electric vehicles) in covered public procurement.Contracting authorities and contracting entities · GovernmentsRequirementLM-03cGuaranteed demand in EU public procurement of electric vehicles for manufacturers meeting Union-origin thresholds (Union assembly, ≥70% EU ex-works vehicle content excl. battery, and EU-origin battery components).Manufacturers of Union-origin PEV, OVC-HEV and FCV vehicles and their battery suppliers · BusinessesOpportunityLM-04May waive the Union-origin/low-carbon procurement requirements where only one supplier exists, no suitable tenders were received, or compliance would be disproportionately costly.Contracting authorities and contracting entities · GovernmentsRequirementLM-05Require suppliers to submit a self-declaration or equivalent document demonstrating compliance with the Union-origin/low-carbon procurement requirements.Suppliers of steel, concrete/mortar, aluminium and EV products under EU public contracts · BusinessesRequirementIAAB-LM-07bCorporate cars and vans meeting the Annex III Part II Union-origin criteria qualify as 'made in the European Union' for the purposes of financial support for corporate-fleet uptake under the clean corporate vehicles Regulation.EU vehicle manufacturers supplying corporate cars and vans · BusinessesOpportunityLM-08May still run support schemes that do not meet the Annex II/III Part II requirements where compliance would cause significant delay or disproportionate cost.Member States / competent authorities administering public support schemes · GovernmentsRequirementLM-10Provide an accompanying document certifying a vehicle's compliance with the Union-origin requirements when issuing its certificate of conformity.Vehicle manufacturers · BusinessesRequirementLM-26aEnsure that only vehicles complying with the Union-origin requirements are eligible under public schemes supporting the purchase, lease, rent or hire-purchase of new electric vehicles.Member States, regional/local authorities and bodies governed by public law administering vehicle purchase/lease support schemes · GovernmentsRequirementLM-26bHouseholds and companies purchasing, leasing, renting or hire-purchasing electric vehicles remain eligible for public purchase/lease support schemes and any linked financial support for corporate vehicles, provided the vehicle is Union-origin compliant.Households and companies purchasing or leasing electric vehicles under public support schemes · HouseholdsOpportunityLM-26cGuaranteed demand for EU vehicle and battery manufacturers meeting the 70% EU ex-works content threshold (excluding battery) or the EU battery-cell content criterion, since only such vehicles qualify for publicly-supported purchase/lease schemes.EU vehicle manufacturers and battery suppliers meeting Union-origin criteria · BusinessesOpportunitySC-01Small zero-emission vehicles meeting the Union-assembly and origin criteria qualify as 'made in the EU' for the purposes of the small zero-emission vehicle super-credit mechanism under the vehicle CO2 emission performance standards.Manufacturers of small zero-emission vehicles made in the Union · BusinessesOpportunitySC-02Steel meeting the low-carbon and Union-origin definitions qualifies as 'low-carbon steel made in the EU', usable by vehicle manufacturers to compensate remaining CO2 emissions under the vehicle CO2 standards regime -- creating a compliance-driven market for qualifying steel.Producers of low-carbon steel of Union origin · BusinessesOpportunityFDI-01Foreign direct investments above the value/market-concentration threshold in the emerging strategic sectors may not be implemented unless explicitly approved by the Investment Authority or Commission.Foreign investors in battery, electric vehicle, solar PV and critical-raw-material sectors above the threshold · Foreign investorsRequirementFDI-03Only approve foreign direct investments that fulfil at least four of six value-added criteria (ownership cap, joint-venture structuring, IP licensing, R&D spending, Union-worker share, sourcing strategy).Foreign investors seeking Investment Authority approval · Foreign investorsRequirementFDI-04Comply with the mandatory Union-worker condition (at least 50% of the workforce being Union workers) regardless of which other conditions are met -- this condition alone cannot be substituted.Foreign investorsRequirementFDI-05Notify any planned direct investment within scope to the Investment Authority of the Member State where the target/asset is located, providing all information needed for the review.Foreign investorsRequirementCRSK-01Identify the large companies on the territory that use strategic raw materials to make batteries, hydrogen equipment, renewable generation equipment, aircraft, traction motors, heat pumps, data and mobile equipment, additive manufacturing and robotics equipment, drones, rocket launchers, satellites or advanced chips.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCRSK-02Carry out, at least every three years, a supply-chain risk assessment mapping where the strategic raw materials used are extracted, processed or recycled, analysing what could affect their supply, and assessing the company's vulnerability to disruption.Large companies making batteries, hydrogen, renewable, aerospace, traction, heat pump, electronics, robotics or chip equipment with strategic raw materials · BusinessesRequirementCRSK-03Obtain supply-chain information from suppliers in order to carry out the risk assessment.Large companies subject to the Art. 24(2) risk assessment · BusinessesSimplificationCRSK-04Where the risk assessment finds significant vulnerabilities, take mitigating action, including assessing whether supply chains can be diversified or the strategic raw materials substituted.Large companies subject to the Art. 24(2) risk assessment · BusinessesRequirementCRSK-05Present the risk-assessment report, and the information requests made to suppliers, to the board of directors.Large companies in Member States that exercise the Art. 24(6) option · BusinessesRequirementCJP-01Undertakings in the Commission's demand-aggregation system may jointly negotiate purchases -- prices and other terms included -- to win better conditions from suppliers or head off shortages, on a transparent basis and within competition law.Union undertakings consuming strategic raw materials · BusinessesEntitlementCMAG-01Label MRI devices, wind generators, industrial robots, motor vehicles, light means of transport, cooling generators, heat pumps, electric motors, washing machines, driers, microwaves, vacuum cleaners and dishwashers with a conspicuous, legible and indelible statement of whether they contain permanent magnets and of which of the four magnet types.Anyone placing the listed products on the Union market · BusinessesRequirementCMAG-02Put a data carrier on or in every listed product containing a permanent magnet, linked to a unique product identifier giving the responsible person's identity, the weight, location and chemical composition of each magnet including coatings, glues and additives, and the steps, tools and technologies for accessing and safely removing them.Anyone placing listed products containing permanent magnets on the Union market · BusinessesRequirementCMAG-03Keep the magnet information complete, current and accurate, and available for the product's typical lifetime plus ten years -- surviving insolvency, liquidation or exit from the Union -- and accessible to repairers, recyclers, market surveillance and customs.Anyone placing listed products containing permanent magnets on the Union market · BusinessesRequirementCMAG-04Carry the permanent-magnet label, data carrier and magnet information.Makers of defence and space products, special purpose vehicles, multi-stage type-approved vehicle parts and small-series vehicles · BusinessesSimplificationCMAG-05Publish, on a free-access website, the share of neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, terbium, boron, samarium, nickel and cobalt recovered from post-consumer waste in the product's permanent magnets, once the total magnet weight passes 0.2 kg.Anyone placing listed products with more than 0.2 kg of rare-earth or samarium-cobalt magnets on the market · BusinessesRequirementCMAG-06Meet minimum recycled shares of neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, terbium, boron, samarium, nickel and cobalt in the permanent magnets of listed products.Anyone placing listed products with permanent magnets on the Union market · BusinessesRequirementCMAG-07Give customers access to the recycled-content information before they are bound by a sales contract, including in distance selling, and display no label, mark, symbol or inscription likely to mislead or confuse them about it.Anyone placing listed products with permanent magnets on the Union market · BusinessesRequirementCCNF-01Run the applicable conformity assessment, draw up the technical documentation and the EU declaration of conformity, and affix the CE marking, before placing a magnet-labelling or recycled-content product on the market.Persons responsible for placing products covered by Arts. 28 or 29 on the market · BusinessesRequirementCFM-01Do not prohibit, restrict or impede the marketing or putting into service of compliant products containing permanent magnets, or of compliant critical raw materials, on magnet-information, recycled-content or environmental-footprint grounds.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCRMAB-RSK-06A large company may take the risk assessment to its own board, with the sources, the risks found and the mitigation planned -- and does not have to unless its Member State requires it.Large companies identified under Art. 24(1) · BusinessesEntitlementCRMAB-MAG-08Give magnet information at electric-motor level where the magnets sit only in motors, and put the information in the product passport where another Union act requires one.Anyone placing listed products containing permanent magnets on the market · BusinessesSimplificationCRMAB-FM-02Non-compliant products and materials may still be shown at trade fairs and demonstrations, provided a visible sign says they are non-compliant and cannot be marketed until they are.Exhibitors of products incorporating permanent magnets and of critical raw materials · BusinessesEntitlementCRMAB-CNF-02Have an economic operator established in the Union responsible for the product under Art. 4 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 before placing it on the market.Manufacturers, importers and authorised representatives of products covered by this Regulation · BusinessesRequirementTGT-2030Meet an EU fleet-wide target of a 55% reduction on the 2021 baseline for new passenger cars, and 50% for new light commercial vehicles.Manufacturers of new passenger cars and light commercial vehicles · BusinessesRequirementTGT-2035Meet an EU fleet-wide target of a 100% reduction on the 2021 baseline for new passenger cars from 2035.Manufacturers of new passenger cars · BusinessesRequirementTGT-01Ensure the manufacturer's average specific CO2 emissions do not exceed its specific emissions target for the calendar year.Manufacturers of new passenger cars and light commercial vehicles · BusinessesRequirementPREM-01Pay an excess emissions premium of EUR 95 per gram per kilometre of exceedance, multiplied by the number of newly registered vehicles.Manufacturers of new passenger cars and light commercial vehicles · BusinessesRequirementMON-01Record and report to the Commission, for each calendar year, the registration information for every new passenger car and light commercial vehicle.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementDER-01A small-volume manufacturer may apply for a derogation from its specific emissions target.Manufacturers below the small-volume thresholds · BusinessesEntitlement
Reaches you without naming you
Measures that land through a channel
Another act 48 · Procurement 5 · Supply chain 15
PRM-01Establish a national single access point through which project promoters submit the single application for industrial manufacturing projects, using the European Business Wallet.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementPRM-02Establish a single permit-granting procedure based on a single application covering all permits required for industrial manufacturing projects, coordinated by a designated competent authority.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementPRM-03Acknowledge completeness of a permit application, or request missing information, within a fixed deadline; a further deadline applies to a second request for missing information.Member States' competent authorities · GovernmentsRequirementPRM-05Publish, via the Single Digital Gateway national single points of contact, a new information category on permit-granting procedures for industrial manufacturing projects, replacing separate entries.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementPRM-07Remove the separate 'Critical raw materials projects' and 'Net-zero technology manufacturing projects' rows from the Single Digital Gateway Annex II catalogue, consolidating them into the unified business-permission entry.Member States · GovernmentsSimplificationAA-01Designate at least one industrial manufacturing acceleration area to cluster industrial manufacturing projects in one or more strategic sectors listed in Annex I.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementAA-02Notify the Commission of the designation of an industrial manufacturing acceleration area.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementAA-03Conduct, and review, a comprehensive analysis of the energy needs of each acceleration area and the required energy infrastructure capacity.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementAA-04aPrepare and issue an aggregated baseline permit authorising industrial activities within each designated acceleration area, covering permits required for projects located there.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementAA-04bProject promoters within an acceleration area only need to obtain additional permits that fall outside the scope of the aggregated baseline permit, cutting the permitting burden.Industrial manufacturing project promoters located in acceleration areas · BusinessesEntitlementIAAB-AA-06Automatic 'strategic project' status for every industrial manufacturing project sited in an acceleration area, granting priority and accelerated treatment under the future Environmental Assessment Regulation.Promoters of industrial manufacturing projects located within an acceleration area · BusinessesEntitlementLM-03bGuaranteed minimum demand share in EU public procurement: at least 25% of steel volume must be low-carbon, at least 5% of concrete/mortar (incl. clinker/cement) must be low-carbon and EU-origin, and at least 25% of aluminium must be low-carbon and EU-origin.Producers of low-carbon and/or Union-origin steel, concrete/mortar and aluminium · BusinessesOpportunityLM-06aDesign public support schemes so that the Union-origin/low-carbon requirements of Annex II Part II and Annex III Part II apply to at least 45% of the national budget for Annex II Part II-type schemes and 100% of the budget for Annex III Part II-type schemes.Member States, regional/local authorities and bodies governed by public law · GovernmentsRequirementFDI-02Designate an Investment Authority to review foreign direct investments and implement the Chapter, with adequate resources and legal/administrative means.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementFDI-06Decide on the admissibility of an FDI notification and, following any Commission opinion, issue a reasoned approval/rejection decision within fixed deadlines.Investment Authorities · GovernmentsRequirementFDI-07Regularly report to the Investment Authority on continued compliance with the approval conditions.Approved foreign investors · Foreign investorsRequirementFDI-08Face a penalty payment of at least 5% of average daily aggregate turnover (or, for a private-person investor, at least 5% of the investment value) for failing to comply with notification requirements.Foreign investorsRequirementFDI-09Monitor global manufacturing capacity for each emerging strategic sector and publish updated information on the most recent available year.European CommissionRequirementFDI-10Face a Commission penalty of up to 5% of average daily turnover (or, for a private-person investor, up to 5% of the investment value) for providing false or misleading information, or withholding required information, in an FDI notification under Commission review.Foreign investors whose investment is reviewed by the Commission · Foreign investorsRequirementGOV-01Carry out a periodic evaluation of the Regulation and its contribution to the internal market's functioning, covering resilience, economic security, decarbonisation and the industrialisation objective.European CommissionRequirementGOV-03Lay down effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalty rules for infringements of the Regulation and notify the Commission of those rules without delay.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementSCP-04A new 'Combined metal products' category enters CBAM scope, pulling downstream steel- and aluminium-containing manufactured goods into the embedded-emissions declaration and certificate-surrender regime for the first time.Importers and authorised CBAM declarants of downstream steel- and aluminium-containing goods · BusinessesRequirementSCP-06Comply with CBAM for a good whose inclusion in Annex I is causing severe harm to the Union internal market through serious and unforeseen price effects.Importers of goods withdrawn from Annex I under the safeguard · BusinessesSimplificationCALC-03For iron and steel, aluminium and combined metal goods, derive the precursor mass from the content of input goods in the finished product rather than from a directly measured mass.Operators of installations producing iron and steel, aluminium and combined metal goods · BusinessesRequirementCALC-06Bear the mark-up added to default values when declaring downstream goods with complex supply chains.Importers and declarants of listed downstream goods using default values · BusinessesSimplificationCUST-04Apply the material and chemical compositions that the Commission fixes by implementing act for Annex I goods.Importers and authorised CBAM declarants of Annex I goods · BusinessesRequirementGOV-03State the material composition of each downstream good in the verification report.Accredited verifiers preparing CBAM verification reports · BusinessesRequirementCBAMB-SCP-07Declare embedded emissions and surrender certificates for goods added to the existing 'Iron and steel' table -- agglomerated iron ore, stranded wire and cables, unplated welded grill and netting, springs, enamelled and other household articles, and other cast articles of iron or steel.Importers and authorised CBAM declarants of the newly listed iron and steel goods · BusinessesRequirementSCH-01Design any new or updated scheme that subsidises the purchase of net-zero technology final products so that it favours products with a high sustainability and resilience contribution, either by paying more for them or by making them the eligibility condition.Member States, regional and local authorities and bodies governed by public law running purchase-support schemes · GovernmentsRequirementSCH-02Buyers of net-zero technology final products that score on sustainability and resilience can be paid additional compensation of up to 5% of the product's cost -- up to 15% for households in energy poverty.Households, companies and consumers buying net-zero technology final products under a public support scheme · HouseholdsOpportunityCBEN-01Build Union capacity towards extracting 10%, processing 40% and recycling 25% of the Union's annual consumption of each strategic raw material by 2030.The Commission and Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCBEN-02Diversify imports so that no single third country supplies more than 65% of the Union's annual consumption of any strategic raw material by 2030.The Commission and Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCSP-01A raw materials project meeting all five criteria -- supply-security contribution, technical feasibility, sustainable implementation, cross-border benefit, and mutual benefit for third countries -- is recognised by the Commission as a Strategic Project, which carries the priority permitting track, the financing subgroup and the offtake system.Promoters of critical raw material projects in the Union, third countries and OCTs · BusinessesEntitlementCSP-02File a Strategic Project application carrying ten items: evidence against the criteria, a UN Framework Classification, a permitting timetable, a public-acceptance plan, ownership and control information, a business plan, a jobs and skills estimate, a post-exploitation environmental restoration plan, an alternative-locations assessment in protected areas, and an indigenous-peoples consultation plan.Promoters applying for Strategic Project recognition · BusinessesRequirementCOFF-01A Commission-run matching system where offtakers bid volumes, qualities, prices and durations and Strategic Project promoters post offers, with the Commission introducing the two sides -- demand-side access a project developer did not previously have.Promoters of Strategic Projects and offtakers of strategic raw materials · BusinessesOpportunityCMON-01Identify the key market operators in the critical raw materials value chain on the territory, monitor them through public data and proportionate surveys, report the results, and notify the Commission without delay of major events disrupting them.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCMON-02Answer a Member State's monitoring survey with the data already held, and give reasons for any refusal or claim that the data is unavailable.Key market operators along the critical raw materials value chain · BusinessesRequirementCMON-03A key market operator may refuse a monitoring data request where answering it would disclose trade or business secrets, and is never obliged to generate data it does not already hold.Key market operators along the critical raw materials value chain · BusinessesEntitlementCSTK-01Report the state of national strategic stocks -- levels in tonnes and as a share of annual consumption, chemical form and purity, five-year evolution, and the rules for release and distribution -- or give a justified notice for withholding it on defence or national security grounds.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCJP-02Stay out of demand aggregation and joint purchasing, as participant, supplier or service provider, where sanctioned under Art. 215 TFEU or owned, controlled by or acting for a sanctioned person.Entities targeted by Union restrictive measures, and entities they own, control or direct · BusinessesRequirementCCIR-01Adopt and run national circularity programmes: incentivise resource efficiency, promote re-use and repair, raise collection and processing of critical-raw-material-bearing waste including metal scrap, use recycled content in procurement award criteria or financial incentives, mature recycling technologies, build workforce skills, modulate extended producer responsibility fees, police waste exports, and support Union recycling quality standards.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCFP-01Publish an environmental footprint declaration for each critical raw material type placed on the market once calculation rules exist for it, naming the responsible person, the material type, the countries and regions of extraction, processing, refining and recycling, the calculated footprint, its performance class, and a link to the supporting study.Anyone placing critical raw materials, including processed and recycled, on the Union market · BusinessesRequirementCFP-02Give customers access to the environmental footprint declaration before they are bound by a sales contract, and display nothing likely to mislead or confuse them about what it says.Anyone placing critical raw materials on the Union market · BusinessesRequirementCREC-01A certification scheme owner may have its scheme recognised by the Commission against the Annex IV criteria, with the recognised coverage published in a public register -- and recognition feeds the Art. 6(1)(c) sustainability assessment for Strategic Projects.Governments, industry associations and groupings owning critical raw materials sustainability certification schemes · BusinessesEntitlementCPEN-01Lay down effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties for infringements of the Regulation, put them into effect, and notify them and any amendment to the Commission without delay.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCRMAB-BEN-03Work to moderate the expected increase in Union consumption of critical raw materials below the Art. 44(1) reference projection, through technological progress and resource efficiency.The Commission and Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCRMAB-EXP-01Draw up and review a national exploration programme covering mineral mapping, geochemical campaigns, geoscientific surveys and reprocessing of existing survey data.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCRMAB-EXP-02Publish free-access maps of mineral occurrences with UN Framework classification where applicable, and release processed geophysical and geochemical data and large-scale mapping on request.Member States · GovernmentsRequirementCRMAB-MON-04Publish and keep updated a free-access monitoring dashboard carrying the parameter trends, the supply-risk calculation, and where appropriate mitigation suggestions.The Commission · European CommissionRequirementCRMAB-STK-02Give particular weight, when opining on national stocks, to keeping private operators' incentives to hold their own strategic stocks and manage their own supply-risk exposure.The Commission and the Board · European CommissionRequirementCRMAB-JP-03Set up and operate an open, transparent demand-aggregation system covering unprocessed and processed strategic raw materials, after assessing the competition impact and setting minimum participation volumes with SMEs in mind.The Commission · European CommissionRequirementCRMAB-REP-01Supply information beyond what the reporting provisions listed in Art. 45(1) already require.Economic operators along the critical raw materials value chain · BusinessesSimplificationRTG-01Ensure at least 40% of transport packaging -- pallets, foldable plastic boxes, trays, crates, IBCs, pails, drums, canisters, pallet wrappings and straps -- is reusable within a re-use system, rising to an endeavour of 70% from 2040.Economic operators using transport packaging in the Union · BusinessesRequirementRTG-02Use only reusable transport packaging within a re-use system for movements between your own sites and those of linked or partner enterprises.Economic operators moving goods between their own or linked sites · BusinessesRequirementRTG-03Use only reusable transport packaging within a re-use system for deliveries to another economic operator inside the same Member State.Economic operators delivering to another operator in the same Member State · BusinessesRequirementFM-01A battery that complies with this Regulation may be placed on the market anywhere in the Union without a Member State restricting it on sustainability, safety, labelling or information grounds.Economic operators placing batteries on the market · BusinessesEntitlementSUB-01Do not place on the market a battery containing a substance restricted by Annex I otherwise than on the conditions that Annex sets.Economic operators placing batteries on the market · BusinessesProhibitionCF-01Draw up a carbon footprint declaration for each battery model per manufacturing site, giving the site's geographic location and the battery's carbon footprint in kg CO2-equivalent per kWh delivered over its service life.Manufacturers of electric vehicle, rechargeable industrial and LMT batteries · BusinessesRequirementRC-01Accompany the battery with documentation stating the percentage of cobalt, lithium or nickel in active materials recovered from battery manufacturing waste or post-consumer waste, and the percentage of lead recovered from waste, per model per year per manufacturing site.Manufacturers of industrial, electric vehicle and SLI batteries · BusinessesRequirementREM-01Ensure a portable battery in a product placed on the market is readily removable and replaceable by the end-user, using commercially available tools, at any time in the product's life.Any person placing products incorporating portable batteries on the market · BusinessesRequirementLAB-01Bear a label carrying the general information on batteries set out in Part A of Annex VI.Economic operators placing batteries on the market · BusinessesRequirementMAN-01Draw up the Annex VIII technical documentation and carry out, or have carried out, the conformity assessment procedure before placing a battery on the market.Manufacturers of batteries · BusinessesRequirementSUP-01Supply, free of charge, the information and documentation a battery manufacturer needs to comply with this Regulation when supplying it cells or modules.Suppliers of battery cells and battery modules · BusinessesRequirementDD-01Set up and implement a battery due diligence policy covering the raw materials in the battery and the social and environmental risks in their supply chain.Economic operators placing batteries on the market · BusinessesRequirementDD-02Have the battery due diligence policy verified by a notified body and periodically audited by it, and hold the audit report.Economic operators placing batteries on the market · BusinessesRequirementBP-01Give each LMT, larger industrial and electric vehicle battery an electronic record carrying the Annex XIII information, accessible through the QR code on the battery.Economic operators placing batteries on the market · BusinessesRequirementGPP-01Take account of the life-cycle environmental impacts of batteries when procuring batteries or products containing them.Contracting authorities and contracting entities · GovernmentsRequirementEPR-01Carry extended producer responsibility for every battery first made available on a Member State's market, including the cost of collection, treatment and recycling.Producers of batteries · BusinessesRequirement
Findings
What this means for automotive
Where the pressure comes from
Pressure arrives from 3 acts directly, 4 more without ever naming it
Pressure arrives at European automotive from 3 acts that name it directly, and from 4 more that never do: CBAM extension, Net-Zero Industry Act, Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation, Batteries Regulation.
Industrial Accelerator Act — names the sector in 17 measures, reaches it in 21 more via another act and procurement
Critical Raw Materials Act — names the sector in 19 measures, reaches it in 22 more via another act and procurement and supply chain
CO2 standards for cars and vans — names the sector in 6 measures
CBAM extension — never names the sector; reaches it in 7 measures via another act and supply chain
Net-Zero Industry Act — never names the sector; reaches it in 2 measures via another act and procurement
Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation — never names the sector; reaches it in 3 measures via another act
Batteries Regulation — never names the sector; reaches it in 13 measures via another act and procurement and supply chain
Net position
What the corpus does to this sector, in total
110measures reach this sector · 83 press, 26 relieve or grant
In force Proposed or mixed basis
Supply chain and country exposure
What automotive buys, sells and imports
Inputs come from
What this sector buys
- wholesale trade7.1%
- fabricated metal products6.3%
- vehicle trade5.2%
- basic metals (steel & aluminium)5.1%
- machinery4.4%
- rubber & plastics4.2%
- electrical equipment3.4%
- legal, accounting & consulting2.6%
- everything else61.6%
Goods go to
Who buys from this sector
- vehicle trade7.1%
- machinery4.6%
- land transport3.4%
- construction2.8%
- electrical equipment1.3%
- wholesale trade1.3%
- fabricated metal products1.1%
- warehousing1.1%
- everything else77.2%
This list covers sales to other industries only. A further 56.4% of what this sector sells goes straight to final use — households, government and capital formation — and so appears nowhere above.
Import exposure
12.8% of inputs come from outside the EU
- rest of world23.8%
- China16.8%
- United Kingdom9.9%
- United States9.5%
- Türkiye8.2%
- Switzerland6.8%
- South Korea6%
- Japan4.5%
- everything else14.5%
vehicles (C29). percent of sector's total inputs (suppliers) / total output (customers); OTHER row carries the remainder to 100. Source: Eurostat input-output data, 2026 edition, 2024 reference year (EU inter-country tables, industry by industry).
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